ASCII and SARAL fonts
Romanaagarii
ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange), is a character encoding based on the English alphabet. Romanaagarii uses the ASCII fonts commonly used in English. ASCII (English) characters are as follows:
The ASCII letters used in Romanaagarii are the following:
a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t, u, v, w, x, y, z and
'.
All phonemes in Romanaagarii are made by using these 27 characters only. The
table of phonemes in Romanaagarii will be as follows:
[a] [aa] [i] [ii] [u] [uu]
[e] [ee] [o] [oo] [m’] [h’]
[k] [kh] [g] [gh] [m’]
[c] [ch] [j] [jh] [m’]
[t’] [t’h] [d’] [d’h] [n’]
[t] [th] [d] [dh] [n]
[p] [ph] [b] [bh] [m]
[y] [r] [l] [v]
[s] [sh] [s’] [h]
[‘] [k’] [k’h] [g’] [r’] [r’h] [z] [f] [v’]
saral roman
SARAL Roman uses the fonts specially made for it. It may
be noted that there is no difference in the appearance of Romanaagarii and SARAL
Roman except the use of [x]. In SARAL Roman, [x] is there but almost invisible.
SARAL Roman fonts are as follows:
The table of phonemes in SARAL Roman will be as follows:
saral ingliS
SARAL Ingles (phonetic spelling of English in Romanaagarii like ingles in Spanish) is a variation of SARAL Roman. In SARAL Ingles, the text appears in format as suggested by the International Alphabet of Sanskrit Transliteration (IAST). It is based on a standard established by the Congress of Orientalists at Athens in 1912. Those who are familiar with Sanskrit and Urdu texts with dots below the letters, may like this format. SARAL Ingles ASCII/fonts are as follows:
The table of phonemes in SARAL Ingles will be as follows:
saral hindI
To use the SARAL Roman ASCII format
for Hindi will be easy because all the phoneme bases and vowel modifiers
are included in it. However, we have to
alphabetize the Hindi writing symbols and convert phonemes (Akshar) into
graphemes (Varn’a). To make Devanagari script alphabetic like Roman script, we
do the following:
-Use only one vowel base and twelve vowel modifiers;
-Make the vowel modifier [i] to follow the base like other vowel modifiers; and
-Remove the line over consonants to make them alphabetic graphemes from phonemic
graphemes.
We arrange the alphabetic symbols of Hindi in the ASCII to construct SARAL Hindi fonts on the pattern of SARAL Roman. SARAL Hindi characters in this format of ASCII will be as follows:
The table of phonemes in SARAL Hindi will be as follows:
The technique of SARAL Hindi can be applied to any script provided it is alphabetized, made phonetic, based on phonemes and set in ASCII like SARAL Roman. What has been done for Hindi, can be done for Gujarati, Panjabi, Urdu etc. In case of Urdu, however, the difference will be that the text will be written from right to left instead of left to right and the consonant phonemes will br pronounced with the vowel modifier [e].
SARAL Urdu characters in the format of ASCII will be as follows:
Udrux laras
The table of phonemes in SARAL Urdu will be as follows:
SARAL Gujarati characters in the format of ASCII will be as follows:
saral gujarAtI
The table of phonemes in SARAL Gujarati will be as follows:
SARAL Panjabi characters in the format of ASCII will be as follows:
saral paMjAbI
The table of phonemes in SARAL Panjabi will be as follows:
